MIR JAFAR
He was the first Nawab of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa under British rule in India. He succeeded Siraj-ud- Daulah. He is remembered in India by the name of Gaddar-e-Hind.
By cheating Siraj ud-Daulah and surrendering the Nawabs’ army against Robert Clive on the battlefield, he became the Nawab of Bengal. His rule is regarded as the initiation of British rule in India
In the Battle of Plassey in the year 1787, Mir Jafar betrayed Siraj-ud- Daulah by denying fighting for him. In the end, Siraj was defeated and killed. Mir was made the new Nawab, However, Mir Jafar realized that the British had high expectations and he wanted to be set free from the English with the help of the Dutch
The Dutch were defeated by the British. The British retaliated by compelling Mir Jafar to renounce the throne in favor of Mir Qasim, who was the son-in-law of Mir Jafar. Mir Qasim was made the ruler, but he did not act according to the expectations of the British. The company fought with him and he was overthrown.
Finally, Mir Jafar made an attempt to gain the confidence of the British and he succeeded in his attempt. He was again made the Nawab of Bengal in the year 1763 and continued being so till 1765.
MIR QASIM
He was the oldest Nawab among the successors of Alivardi Khan. He transferred his capital from Murshidabad to Monghyr, as he wanted to be at a safe distance from Calcutta and the interference of the company. He also sought to reorganize and modernize his army on the European pattern.
He also made plans for the expansion of his territory Northward at the expense of the Nepalese. He also sought to suppress the refractory zamindars of Bengal and Bihar, who had on several occasions, defied the authority of the old Nawab.
These anti-state rebellions became the focal points for malcontents in the state. He also turned his attention towards the improvement of the finance of the state. He imposed an additional tax of 1 anna or 8/32 part of the original crown rents. He also collected Khajiri-jama, which had hitherto been canceled. He regularised the payment for his troops and for his household. He also rewarded the men for learning and talent.