IMAD SHAHI DYNASTY OF BERAR
It was the first principality to defect from the Bahmani dominions. In 1484 AD, Fatullah Khan, Imad-ul-Mulk, the Governor of Gawligarh, one of the two divisions of Berar, proclaimed independence and soon occupied the whole of Berar. He founded the Imad Shahi dynasty, which continued to rule, with Elichpur as its capital, till 1595 AD. It was annexed by the Mughals in 1574 AD.
ADIL SHAHI DYNASTY OF BIJAPUR
The most important of the five kingdoms, Bijapur became an independent kingdom in 1489 AD, when its Governor Yusuf Adil Khan declared independence.
He and his successors consistently waged war against Vijayanagara and the other Muslim neighbours, till his efforts were rewarded in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 AD, which rendered a death blow to Vijayanagara. Ibrahim Adil Shah II (1580-1627 AD) was known as Jagat Guru for his generosity and as Abala Baba for his helping attitude towards poors. He wrote a book Kitab-i-Nauras and also founded a city Nauraspur. Bijapur was annexed by Aurangzeb in 1686.
NIZAM SHAHI DYNASTY OF AHMEDNAGAR
In 1490, Malik Ahmed, the Governor of Junnar, successfully revolted and established himself as an independent sovereign. He founded the Nizam Shahi dynasty. Frequently involve in wars with Bijapur and Golconda, it formed a Subha of Akbar’s empire and was finally annexed to the Mughal in 1637 AD under Shahjahan.
QUTUB SHAHI DYNASTY OF GOLCONDA
It was founded in 1518 AD by a Turkish officer, Sultan Quli Qutub Shah, who was appointed the Governor of Golconda by Mahmud Gawan. He moved the capital from Warangal to Golconda. Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah (1580-1612 AD) founded Hyderabad city and built Charminar. He is also known as Father of Hindavi. It was annexed by Aurangzeb in 1687 AD.
BARID SHAHI DYNASTY OF BIDAR
The kingdom comprised the territory around the Bahmani capital. Qasim Barid, a former minister of Mahmud Gawan, had become its de facto ruler as early as 1492 AD. But he and his successor hesitated from assuming formal ranks until 1527 AD. The dynasty lasted till 1619 AD when it was annexed to Bijapur.