The Turks brought a number of new musical instruments to India, such as the Rubab and the Sarangi. Musicians such as Amir Khusrow and Gopal Nayak were patronised by Ala-ud-din Khilji and were conferred the title of Nayak. Though music was banned by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq, his successors Muhammed-bin- Tughlaq and […]
Chapter 02 – The Delhi Sultanate
The rulers generally kept themselves detached from the general masses. The masses whether Hindu or Muslim were subjected to similar exploitation. The common people lived harmonious life and influenced each other in different fields of life. They were belong to the upper class conflict between the rulers and the Ulema. […]
TAXATION The new system of taxation was based on Quran. Four kinds of taxes sanctioned by the Quran were imposed namely kharaj, zakat, jeziah and khums. TYPES OF TAXES Zakat To be paid by well to do Muslims for helping the needy religious tax. Jeziah Tax levied on non-Muslims in […]
THE SULTAN The collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate led to the rise of Sultans, who were only secular leaders. The post of the Sultan began to be elevated. He was responsible for administration and was the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. He was the ultimate court of appeal in all […]
The rulers of this dynasty are as follows BAHLUL LODHI (1451-89 AD) He was the founder of the Lodhi dynasty. During the reign of Mohammed Shah, he served as the Subedar of Lahore and Sirhind. He tried to restore the greatness of Delhi Sultanate and hence conquered territories around Delhi. […]
Daulat Khan Lodhi succeeded Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud, but Khizr Khan, the Governor of Multan, marched against him on behalf of Timur and took possession of Delhi in 1414. Daulat Khan was sent as a prisoner to Hisar Firoza. KHIZR KHAN (1414-21 AD) He founded the Sayyid (descendants of the Prophet) […]
The Tughlaqs were Muslim family of Turkish origin. The Tughlaqs provided three competent rulers-Ghiyas-ud- din, Mohammed-bin- Tughlaq and Firoz Shah Tughlaq. The Tughlaqs belonged to the ‘Qarana Turk’ tribe, which was a mixed tribe of the Turk and Mongol stock. GHIYAS-UD-DIN TUGHLAQ (1320-25 AD) He was the founder of the […]
Ala-ud-din Khilji introduced a new market regulation to provide essential commodities at reasonable rates to raise resources for the army. He declared all the land in the area from Lahore to Kara (near Allahabad) as Khalisa land and raised the land revenue to one-half of the gross production in Khalisa. […]
The Khiljis were probably of Turkish origin, but had become Afghan in character. The replacement of Ilbari dynasty by Khilji dynasty is termed as Khilji Revolution because it marked the end of power by the Turkish nobility and racial dictatorship. JALAL-UD-DIN KHILJI (1290-96 AD) Jalal-ud-din was the founder and first […]
The first dynasty of the Sultanate has been designated by various scholars as the Slave dynasty or the Mamluk dynasty or the Ilbari dynasty. They were known as slaves because many of them were either slaves or were the sons of slaves who had become sultans. Only three of them […]
The Mamluks, who had already conquered Persia (modern Iran), came to conquer India around 1100 AD. They were able to defeat the Rajput Kings of India by 1192 AD and took over Northern India. By the end of the 12th century, Mohammed Ghori was successful in occupying Delhi and started […]