NIRANKARI MOVEMENT Founded in the 1840s by Baba Dayal Das. He preached against the practice of Hindu ceremonies, that were being performed by Sikhs. He denounced idol worship and rejected rituals. He emphasized the worship of God as Nirankar (formless God) and asked his disciples to obey the shabad (preaching) […]
CHAPTER 6 – SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS IN INDIA
Some important reform movements among Muslims were as follows TITU MIR MOVEMENT Mir Nithar Ali, popularly known as Titu Mir (1782-1831), was an ardent follower of Syed Ahmad of Rae Bareli. He preached the fundamentalist doctrine of Islam and mobilized Muslim peasants to organize a rebellion against the government, which […]
SWAMI NARAYAN SECT It was founded by Swami Sahajanand (1781-1830) in Gujarat. His original name was Gyanashyana. He was against the lavish and luxurious practices of Vaishnanism. He prescribed a moral code for his followers and advocated vegetarianism. He advised people to give up liquor, drugs, and other intoxicants and […]
It was founded by Madame Blavatsky and Col Olcott in New York in 1875. They arrived in India in 1879 and established the headquarters of the society at Adyar near Madras in 1882. The society was inspired by ancient Asian religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Parsi, etc. The Theosophical Society did […]
It was a revivalist reform movement founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati (born as Mulshankar at Tankara in Old Morvi State of Gujarat) in 1875 in Bombay. The Headquarters of Arya Samaj was established at Lahore in 1877. Dayananda attacked idolatry, polytheism, Brahmin-sponsored religious rites, and superstitious practices. He advocated social […]
Mahadev Gobind Ranade, along with Dr. Atmaram Pandurang, reorganized Paramhansa Mandali under the guidance of Keshub Chandra Sen and founded the Prarthana Samaj in 1867. It was primarily a Social Reform and Social Work Movement. It believed that the true love of God lay in the service of its children […]
David Hare, a close associate of Raja Rammohan Roy, took a keen interest in starting the Hindu College at Calcutta in 1817. From this, college emerged an ultra-radical reform movement known as the Young Bengal Movement under the leadership of an Anglo-Indian Henry Vivian Derozio, in the 1920s. Henry Vivian […]
Raja Rammohan Roy founded Brahma Sabha on 20th August 1828. It was renamed Brahmo Samaj about a year later. The long-term agenda of the Brahmo Samaj-to purify Hinduism and to preach monotheism which was based on the twin pillars of reason and the Vedas and Upanishads. The main theme was […]
Two types of leaders were there i. Moderate ii. Orthodox RAJA RAMMOHAN ROY (1772-1833) The central figure in social and cultural awakening was Raja Rammohan Roy. He is considered the Father of the Indian Renaissance. He was a man of versatile genius. He was rightly regarded as the first great […]
The analysis of the background and existing facts relating to Socio-Religious Reform Movements of the 19th century in India suggest the following to be the main causes for the movements. ESTABLISHMENT OF BRITISH RULE One of the prominent reasons for the social and cultural awakening of the 19th century was […]
Modern education introduced by the British, gave birth to a new Indian middle class, that led to the emergence of reformist movements in order to transform the society. A realization of the special needs of modern times, especially in terms of scientific knowledge, and thus, promoting a modern, secular, and […]